{"id":52544,"date":"2025-04-25T22:02:59","date_gmt":"2025-04-26T02:02:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hancockhealth.org\/mayo-health-library\/burns-first-aid\/"},"modified":"2026-02-04T12:06:14","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T17:06:14","slug":"burns-first-aid","status":"publish","type":"mayo","link":"https:\/\/www.hancockhealth.org\/zh\/mayo-health-library\/burns-first-aid\/","title":{"rendered":"Burns: First aid"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"container mx-auto   wordpress-block wordpress- core-\">\n<p>Burns are tissue damage from a variety of sources. Examples are hot liquids, the sun, flames, chemicals, electricity and steam. Kitchen-related injuries from hot drinks, soups and microwaved foods are common among children.<\/p>\n<p>Major burns need emergency medical help. Minor burns can usually be treated with first aid.<\/p>\n<p>Call 911 or seek immediate care for major burns, which:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>May be deep, involving all layers of the skin.<\/li>\n<li>May cause the skin to be dry and leathery.<\/li>\n<li>May appear charred or have patches of white, brown or black.<\/li>\n<li>Are larger than 3 inches (about 8 centimeters) in diameter.<\/li>\n<li>Cover the hands, feet, face, groin, buttocks or a major joint, or encircle an arm or a leg.<\/li>\n<li>Are accompanied by smoke inhalation.<\/li>\n<li>Begin swelling very quickly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Electrical burns, including those caused by lightning, and major chemical burns need emergency medical care. A minor burn might need emergency care if it affects the eyes, mouth, hands or genitals. Babies and older adults might need emergency care for minor burns as well.<\/p>\n<p>For major burns, apply first aid until emergency help arrives:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protect the burned person from further harm. If you can do so safely, make sure the person you&#8217;re helping is not in contact with the source of the burn. For electrical burns, make sure the power source is off before you approach the burned person.<\/li>\n<li>Make certain that burned person is breathing. If needed, begin rescue breathing if you know how.<\/li>\n<li>Remove jewelry, belts and other tight items, especially from the burned area and the neck. Burned areas swell quickly.<\/li>\n<li>Cover the burn. Loosely cover the area with gauze or a clean cloth.<\/li>\n<li>Raise the burned area. Lift the wound above heart level if possible.<\/li>\n<li>Watch for symptoms of shock. Symptoms include cool, clammy skin, weak pulse and shallow breathing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For minor burns, follow these first-aid guidelines:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cool the burn. Hold the area under cool &mdash; not cold &mdash; running water for about 10 minutes. If this isn&#8217;t possible or if the burn is on the face, apply a cool, wet cloth until the pain eases. For a mouth burn from hot food or drink, put a piece of ice in the mouth for a few minutes.<\/li>\n<li>Remove rings or other tight items. Try to do this quickly and gently, before the burned area swells.<\/li>\n<li>Apply lotion. After the burn is cooled, apply a lotion, such as one with aloe vera or cocoa butter. This helps prevent drying.<\/li>\n<li>Bandage the burn. Cover the burn with a clean bandage. Wrap it loosely to avoid putting pressure on burned skin. Bandaging keeps air off the area, reduces pain and protects blistered skin.<\/li>\n<li>If needed, take a nonprescription pain reliever, such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or acetaminophen (Tylenol, others).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Don&#8217;t use cold water to cool the burn.<\/li>\n<li>Don&#8217;t break blisters. Blisters help protect against infection. If a blister does break, gently clean the area with water and apply an antibiotic ointment.<\/li>\n<li>Don&#8217;t try to remove clothing stuck in the burn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you haven&#8217;t had a tetanus shot in the past five years and the burn is deep, you may need a booster shot. Try to get this within 48 hours of the injury.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How to recognize and administer first aid for minor to serious burns.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","tags":[1686,1729,1687,1682,1684],"class_list":["post-52544","mayo","type-mayo","status-publish","hentry","tag-anatomical-structure","tag-health-category","tag-medical-procedure","tag-person-group-concept","tag-theme-of-focus","content_type-first-aid"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Burns: First aid - Hancock Health<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hancockhealth.org\/zh\/mayo-health-library\/burns-first-aid\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_HK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Burns: First aid - 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