{"id":52585,"date":"2025-04-25T22:03:18","date_gmt":"2025-04-26T02:03:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hancockhealth.org\/mayo-health-library\/ten\/"},"modified":"2026-02-04T12:06:31","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T17:06:31","slug":"ten","status":"publish","type":"mayo","link":"https:\/\/www.hancockhealth.org\/fr\/mayo-health-library\/ten\/","title":{"rendered":"TEN"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"container mx-auto   wordpress-block wordpress- core-\">\n<p>Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare, life-threatening skin reaction, usually caused by a medication. It&#8217;s a severe form of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). In people with <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\">SJS<\/abbr>, <abbr title=\"Toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> is diagnosed when more than 30% of the skin surface is affected and the moist linings of the body (mucous membranes) have extensive damage.<\/p>\n<p><abbr title=\"Toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> is a life-threatening condition that affects people of all ages. <abbr title=\"Toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> is usually treated in a hospital. While the skin heals, supportive care includes controlling pain, caring for wounds and making sure you&#8217;re getting enough fluids. Recovery can take weeks to months.<\/p>\n<p>If your condition was caused by a medication, you&#8217;ll need to permanently avoid that drug and those related to it.<\/p>\n<p>Toxic epidermal necrolysis signs and symptoms include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Widespread skin pain<\/li>\n<li>A spreading rash covering more than 30% of the body<\/li>\n<li>Blisters and large areas of peeling skin<\/li>\n<li>Sores, swelling and crusting on the mucous membranes, including the mouth, eyes and vagina<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>When to see a doctor<\/h3>\n<p>Early treatment is key for people with Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS\/TEN). If you have symptoms, seek immediate medical attention. You&#8217;ll likely need care from a skin specialist (dermatologist) and other experts in a hospital.<\/p>\n<p><abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr> is usually caused by a skin reaction to medicine. The symptoms are likely to start showing up one to four weeks after you start taking a new drug.<\/p>\n<p>The most common drug triggers of <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr> include antibiotics, epilepsy drugs, sulfa drugs and allopurinol (Aloprim, Zyloprim).<\/p>\n<p>Factors that increase your risk of <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr> include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>HIV infection.<\/strong> Among people with HIV, the incidence of <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr> is about 100 times greater than that among the general population.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A weakened immune system.<\/strong> The immune system can be affected by an organ transplant, HIV\/AIDS and autoimmune diseases.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cancer.<\/strong> People with cancer, especially blood cancers (hematologic malignancies), are at increased risk of <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A history of <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr>.<\/strong> If you&#8217;ve had a medication-related form of this condition, you are at risk of a recurrence if you use that drug again.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A family history of <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr>.<\/strong> If a first-degree relative, such as a parent or sibling, has had <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr>, you may be more susceptible to developing it too.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Genetic factors.<\/strong> Having certain genetic variations puts you at increased risk of <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis\">SJS\/TEN<\/abbr>, especially if you&#8217;re also taking drugs for seizures, gout or mental illness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>People at highest risk of <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> complications are those over age 70 and those who have liver cirrhosis or spreading (metastatic) cancer. Complications of <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Blood infection (sepsis).<\/strong> Sepsis occurs when bacteria from an infection enter your bloodstream and spread throughout your body. Sepsis is a rapidly progressing, life-threatening condition that can cause shock and organ failure.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lung involvement.<\/strong> This can cause coughing, difficulty breathing and, with severe disease, acute respiratory failure.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Visual impairment.<\/strong> <abbr title=\"Toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> can cause eye problems, such as dry eye, ingrown eyelashes, corneal scarring and, rarely, blindness.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Permanent skin damage.<\/strong> After recovering from <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr>, your skin may have bumps, scars and discoloration. Lasting skin problems might cause your hair to fall out, and your fingernails and toenails might not grow normally.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vaginal sores.<\/strong> In women, <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> can cause sores in the tissues lining the vagina, leading to pain or, if left untreated, vaginal fusion.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Emotional distress.<\/strong> This condition causes distress and can have long-term psychological impact.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To prevent another episode of <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr>, learn whether it was caused by a medicine. If so, never take that medicine or anything similar again. A recurrence could be worse and life-threatening. Also tell any future health care providers about your history of <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr>, and wear a medic alert bracelet or necklace with information about your condition. Or carry an allergy passport.<\/p>\n<p><abbr title=\"Toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> is diagnosed when people with <abbr title=\"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\">SJS<\/abbr> develop severe disease that affects more than 30% of the body.<\/p>\n<p>If your doctor suspects that your <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> was caused medicine you took, you&#8217;ll need to stop taking that drug. Then you&#8217;ll likely be moved to a hospital for treatment, possibly in its burn center or intensive care unit. Full recovery can take several months.<\/p>\n<h3>Supportive care<\/h3>\n<p>The main treatment for <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> is trying to make you as comfortable as possible while your skin heals. You&#8217;ll receive this supportive care while in the hospital. It might include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fluid replacement and nutrition.<\/strong> Because skin loss can result in loss of fluid from the body, it&#8217;s vital to replace fluids and electrolytes. You might receive fluids and nutrients through a tube inserted in the nose and guided to the stomach (nasogastric tube).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wound care.<\/strong> Your health care team might gently cleanse the affected skin and apply special dressings infused with petroleum jelly (Vaseline) or medication. Your care team also monitors you for infection and gives you antibiotics if needed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Breathing help.<\/strong> You might need tests and procedures to evaluate your airway and help keep it clear. With advanced disease, you might need intubation or mechanical breathing assistance (ventilation).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pain control.<\/strong> You&#8217;ll receive pain medicine to reduce your discomfort. For pain in your mouth, you might be given a mouthwash containing a numbing agent, such as lidocaine.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eye care.<\/strong> For mild eye symptoms, you might benefit from applying preservative-free artificial tears at least four times a day. Eye drops with corticosteroids might be used to control eye inflammation. Your care team might include an eye specialist (ophthalmologist).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Medications<\/h3>\n<p>Treatment of <abbr title=\"toxic epidermal necrolysis\">TEN<\/abbr> also might include one or a combination of medications that affect the whole body (systemic drugs), such as cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune), etanercept (Enbrel) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Further study is needed to determine their benefit, if any.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn more about the causes, symptoms, treatment and risks of this life-threatening, rare skin disorder, also called toxic epidermal necrolysis.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","tags":[1686,1685,1682],"class_list":["post-52585","mayo","type-mayo","status-publish","hentry","tag-anatomical-structure","tag-condition","tag-person-group-concept","content_type-diseases-conditions"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>TEN - Hancock Health<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hancockhealth.org\/fr\/mayo-health-library\/ten\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"TEN - 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